The Sloth Bear (Melursus ursinus) is a unique and shaggy-looking bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. Known for their insect-based diet and distinctive appearance, Sloth Bears are unlike any other bear in the world.
Diet
Sloth Bears are insectivores, which means their diet is made up mostly of insects. They primarily eat termites and ants, using their long, curved claws to tear open termite mounds or logs. They then suck up the insects with their specially adapted lips and lack of upper front teeth—making a loud vacuum-like slurping sound! They’ll also eat fruit, honey, and occasionally flowers or carrion.
Habitat
Sloth Bears live in tropical and subtropical forests, grasslands, and scrublands throughout India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. They prefer areas with dense vegetation and plenty of insect activity. They are mainly nocturnal, avoiding the heat of the day and foraging at night.
Size and Weight
Sloth Bears are medium-sized bears, with males typically weighing between 200–300 pounds (90–140 kg) and females slightly smaller at 120–210 pounds (55–95 kg). They stand 2 to 3 feet (60 to 90 cm) tall at the shoulder and can reach up to 6 feet (1.8 m) in length. Their long, shaggy black fur and pale muzzle give them a distinctive look.
Conservation Status
The Sloth Bear is listed as “Vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List. Major threats to their survival include habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and poaching. While some populations are protected in wildlife reserves, continued conservation efforts are necessary to prevent further decline.
Fascinating Facts
- Misleading Name: Sloth Bears aren’t related to sloths. Early explorers thought their long claws and slow movements resembled sloths, leading to the name confusion.
- Missing Teeth for a Reason: Sloth Bears have no upper front incisors, which helps them suck up insects more effectively—like a living vacuum!
- Noisy Eaters: When feeding, they make loud snorting and sucking noises that can be heard from over 300 feet away.
- Strong Climbers: Despite their awkward appearance, Sloth Bears are agile climbers and often scale trees in search of fruit or honey.
- Piggyback Parenting: Sloth Bear cubs often ride on their mother’s back for protection—a rare trait among bear species!
Visit the Sloth Bear at the Abilene Zoo
Stop by the Asia Wilds exhibit during your next visit to the Abilene Zoo to witness the Sloth Bear in action. Whether they’re climbing, foraging, or snuffling around for insects, these bears offer a fascinating glimpse into the diversity of the animal kingdom. As you learn about their behavior and the conservation efforts in place to protect them, we hope you’ll fall in love with this unique and wonderful species.
🐾 Fun, furry, and full of surprises—don’t miss the Sloth Bear!
